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IC3科目一 计算机基本原理 (Computing Fundamentals) |
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评量项目(考试大纲) |
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计算机基本原理 |
Computing Fundamentals |
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一、 计算机硬件 |
一、 Computer Hardware |
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A. 了解计算机结构 |
A. Identifying Computers |
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1．识别不同类型计算机 |
1．Identify different types of computers |
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2．微型计算机 |
2．Identify different types of microcomputers |
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3．中央处理单元（CPU） |
3．Identify the role of the central processing unit |
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4．微处理器 |
4．Identify how the speed of the microprocessor is measured |
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5．内存 |
5．Identify the role of different types of memory |
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6．确定在存储装置中的信息流 |
6．Identify the flow of information between storage devices |
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7．确定计算机中的信息流 |
7．Identify the flow of information within a computer |
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8．确定信息是如何从一个计算机转移到另一个计算机的 |
8．Identify how information is transferred |
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9．大型计算机的运行 |
9．Identify how large systems work |
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10．识别计算机如何组成为一个更大的系统 |
10．Identify how computers integrate into larger systems |
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11．共享数据和资源 |
11．Identify how computers share resources |
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B.外围设备 |
B. Hardware Components |
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1．计算机的外部组件 |
1．Identify external components |
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2．计算机的内部组件 |
2．Identify internal components |
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3．输入设备 |
3．Identify input devices |
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4．输出设备 |
4．Identify output devices |
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5．数据存储设备 |
5．Identify storage devices |
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6．通用外设端口 |
6．Identify ports used to connect devices |
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7．计算机组件的常见问题 |
7．Identify and be able to solve common problems |
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C.计算机性能 |
C. Performance |
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1． 微处理器速度 |
1．Microprocessor speed |
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2．随机存储器对计算机性能的影响 |
2．How RAM affects performance |
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3．存储设备对计算机性能的影响 |
3．How storage devices affect performance |
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4．其它影响因素 |
4．Other factors that affect performance |
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D.购买计算机 |
D. Purchasing Decisions |
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1．根据用途选择大型计算机系统 |
1．Identify when large systems should be used |
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2．如何选择正确的计算机 |
2．Identify how to select the right type of computer |
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3．如何在台式机与笔记本电脑之间选择 |
3．Identify how to decide between a desktop or laptop |
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4．考虑硬件事项 |
4．Identify hardware considerations |
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5．考虑软件事项 |
5．Identify software considerations |
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6．综合事项 |
6．Identify integration considerations |
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7．理解价格是如何落实到硬件，软件因素上的 |
7．Identify how price is impacted by hardware and software |
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8．购买计算机时要考虑的保修、技术支持、承诺和其它问题 |
8．Warranties, support, agreement, etc |
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二、 计算机软件 |
二、 Computer Software |
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A.软件概述 |
A. Software Basics |
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1．数据是如何输入到计算机中的 |
1．Identify how data is input into a computer |
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2．理解数据是如何从模拟转换到数字的 |
2．Identify how data is transformed from analog to digital |
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3．理解用户如何通过键入指令来与软件交互的 |
3．Identify how users interact with software |
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4．理解软件如何使用规则（算法）来处理数据 |
4．Identify how software applies rules to process data |
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5．理解软件如何将数据处理结果输出到诸如监视器或打印机这样的输出设备上 |
5．Identify how software outputs the result of data processing |
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6．理解软件代码中的问题 |
6．Identify problems in software code(bugs) |
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B.软件类型 |
B. Types of Software |
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1． 操作系统 |
1．Operating systems |
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2．文字处理软件 |
2．Word processors |
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3．电子表格软件 |
3．Spreadsheet programs |
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4．简报软件 |
4．Presentation programs |
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5．数据库软件 |
5．Database programs |
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6．图形软件 |
6．Graphics programs |
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7．多媒体软件 |
7．Multimedia programs |
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8．电子邮件软件 |
8．Electronic mail programs |
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9．Web浏览器 |
9．Web browsers |
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10．实用软件 |
10．Utility programs |
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11．专用的个人软件 |
11．Specialized personal software |
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12．定制小型机和大型机软件 |
12．Custom mini-or mainframe software |
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13．套装软件 |
13．Identify software ”suites” |
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14．用错软件时产生的错误 |
14．Problems arising from using the wrong software |
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三、 操作系统软件 |
三、 Using an Operating System |
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A.操作系统 |
A. Operating Systems |
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1．理解操作系统的用途 |
1．Identify the purpose of an operating system |
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2．理解机遇字符的操作系统(DOS) |
2．Identify character-based operating systems (DOS) |
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3．理解图形用户界面操作系统 |
3．Identify graphical-user-interface operating systems |
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4．识别Windows的不同版本 |
4．Identify different versions of windows |
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5．理解非Windows操作系统 |
5．Identify non-Windows operating systems |
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6．操作系统的能力和限制 |
6．Capabilities and limitations of the operating system |
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B. Windows桌面概述 |
B. Desktop Basics |
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1．认识Windows桌面元素 |
1．Identify elements of the Windows desktop |
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2．窗口操作（最大化，最小化，关闭） |
2．Manipulate windows (maximize, minimize, close) |
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3．关闭，重启计算机 |
3．Shut down and restart the computer |
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4．使用Windows开始菜单和任务栏 |
4．Use the Windows Start menu and Taskbar |
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5．添加快捷方式到开始菜单 |
5．Add a shortcut to the Start menu |
